Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage (CCUS) is an essential approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and thesole method for achieving low-carbon utilization of fossil fuels. Chemical absorption,recognized for its broad adaptability and maturetechnology,stands as one of the mainstream technologies for carbon capture today. However,it still faces challenges related to high energyconsumption and costs,making the development of high-performance absorbents crucial to overcoming these issues. This papersystematically analyzes the advantages and disadvantages,current research and development status,and existing problems of variousgenerations of absorbents from the perspective of generational evolution and multi-performance evaluation of chemical absorbents. It alsoelucidates the driving forces and R&D trends behind the development of each generation of absorbents. Furthermore,the paperquantitatively compares the intergenerational differences of these absorbents in key indicators such as absorption capacity,viscosity,volatility,degradability,and regeneration energy consumption,and assesses current research hotspots and trends. Lastly,it provides anoutlook on the directions that urgently need breakthroughs in CO2 capture via chemical absorption and offers relevant developmentsuggestions. Overall,through multiple generations of development,absorbents have made significant progress in reducing energyconsumption,but challenges such as the difficulty in balancing high load-low energy consumption-high viscosity-easy degradation andhigh desorption temperatures remain. It is recommended to focus on R&D breakthroughs in quantitative evaluation and databaseestablishment of absorbents,development of artificial intelligence models,research on new absorbents for low-temperature regeneration, 2integration of regeneration and low-grade heat utilization processes,external field-catalysis synergistic processes,and fusion of multi-generation technologies,to synergistically enhance capture efficiency and economic viability.

王振(1999—),男,甘肃武威人,博士研究生。E-mail:18811414688@163.com

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WANG Zhen,LI Yue,LI Sheng. Chemical absorption method for CO2 capture: Research progress, performancecomparison and prospects[J].Clean Coal Technology,2025,31(4):120−139.