Pyrolysis of lignocellulose is an efficient way to utilize biomass. The primary product of cellulose pyrolysis is levoglucosan(LGA), with a yield of up to 80%. Consequently, the high-value utilisation of LGA can be achieved through efficient conversion into other platform chemicals. The latest research progress on the pyrolysis of cellulose to LGA was presented, the influence of reactor types andreaction conditions on LGA yield were summarized, and biomass pretreatment could enhance the industrial scale production of LGA. ThenLGA conversion to levoglucosenone, glucose, and furan compounds under different conditions were concluded. It is found that Brønstedacid sites and in-situ removal of generated water during reaction improve levoglucosenone yield, with the maximum yield close to 60%,developing suitable catalysts and solvents can further improve levoglucosenone yield. Additionally, LGA can be effectively convertedto glucose by acid hydrolysis, attaining both yield and selectivity nearing 100%, and the catalyst with long-term stability, providing an indirect method for producing glucose from cellulose. Furthermore, the effects of catalysts and solvents on the formation of furanic compounds, acids and esters were summarized, indicating that these chemicals were formed via glucose as the intermediate.