Coal will be still the most vital fossil energy source in China for a long period of time on the basis of the characteristics of China′scoal-rich,oil-poor and gas-poor energy structure. Coal gasification is the frontier technology for the development of modern coal chemicalindustry,and an effective way to realize the clean and efficient utilization of coal,which is of strategic meaning to realize the high-qualitydevelopment of the whole country. Coal gasification fine slag will be produced in the process of coal gasification,which is mainly disposedof by landfilling,and not only occupies the land and pollutes the environment,but also is not conducive to the long - term growth ofcoal chemical companies. Therefore,the efficient treatment and reuse of coal gasification slag is urgent. Firstly,the physicochemical proper⁃ties of gasification slag were analyzed and summarized. The residual carbon content of gasification fine slag is related to coal type, gasifica⁃tion process conditions and operating conditions, but the physicochemical properties of gasification fine slag do not vary much, main⁃ly composed of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3 and C. The residual carbon content of gasification fine slag is generally around 20%, and de⁃pending on the coal type and gasification operating conditions, the residual carbon content of gasification fine slag can be as high as 50%in some areas, which has some potential utilization value. At present,carbon ash separation methods of gasification slag are mainlysieving,gravity sorting and froth sorting. The sieving classification,gravity separation and flotation technology of gasification slag were sys⁃tematically summarizes. Through sieving classification and gravity separation technology,low-cost and high-efficiency reuse of gasificationfine slag can be achieved in a pollution-free and green way. The adsorption and spreading of the collector on the carbon residue surfaceof gasification slag can be improved by flotation enhancement,and the hydrophobicity of gasification slag can be improved. Finally,researchdirection of separation of gasification fine slag was proposed according to the current situation of domestic and foreign research.