The use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) system to reduce CO2 in coal-fired power plants is one of the necessary paths to carbon neutrality, but the current high cost of CCS has limited the development and application of this technology. For a 300 MW coal-fired unit, an alkali metal-based dry carbon capture and storage coupled cooling system was proposed and built using Aspen Plus simulation software, which used condensate circulation for deep coupling to achieve the purpose of recovering the cold volume in the CO2 compression and storage process and effectively reduce the carbon capture cost. Without coupling the cooling process, the unit power consumption of the carbon capture system is reduced to 413.79 kWh/t (in terms of CO2, the same below) by recovering the reaction heat released from the CO2 adsorption process. The energy consumption of the CO2 compression and storage process is still significant at this point. For this reason, the carbon capture and storage system described above was further coupled to a refrigeration unit. The simulation calculation shows that the new integrated system reduces the degree of CO2 compression and the unit power consumption of the compression storage process is reduced to 247.54 kWh/t, a reduction of 2.3%, resulting in a further 33.77% reduction in the total operating cost of CO2 capture and storage. In addition, the introduction of cooling units can reduce additional investment cost reductions, such as reducing the amount of heated surface arrangement and adsorbent loading by increasing the heat transfer temperature difference within the CO2 adsorption bed, and thus reducing the adsorption bed size with obvious optimization effects. Therefore, the above work provides an important support for the promotion and application of CO2 capture and storage technology, and also broadens the way of CO2 utilization.