To improve the ash melting and gasification reactivity of anthracite coal, a Jincheng anthracite coal (JC) and Indonesian lignite coal (YN) were selected as raw materials, and the effects of YN coal addition on the ash melting temperature, gasification activity, microcrystalline structure, specific surface area and total pore volume of coal char were investigated by using ash melting tester, TGA, XRD, BET and other analytical test methods. The results show that the ash melting temperature of JC coal could be effectively reduced by adding YN, and the flow temperature TF decreases to 1 387 ℃ when the addition amount reaches 40%，and the coal char reactivity is also obviously improved, and the time required to reach 50% carbon conversion t0.5 is only 27.2 min when YN is added at 40%, which is about half of that of JC coal char, and there is a good linear relationship between the reactivity index R0.5 and the alkalinity factor Bf. The XRD data of coal char are also fitted and found that the layer spacing d002, aromatic lamellae stacking height Lc, aromaticity fa, and number of aromatic layers N decreases with the addition of YN, and the addition of YN makes the microcrystalline structure of coal char more disordered, and the greater the addition ratio, the greater the degree of graphitization inhibition. The specific surface and total pore volume of coal coke are correlated with the addition of YN, and when 40% is added, the specific surface area could reach 81.102 m2/g about 42 times that of JC, and the total pore volume is one order of magnitude higher than that of JC.