The real yield and composition distribution of low temperature coal tar play a key guiding role in evaluating low-temperature carbonization process of coal. In order to obtain the accurate yield of coal tar and the distribution law of light and heavy coal tar and the whole component information of coal tar,the low temperature light coal tar（LCT)and heavy coal tar（HCT)were used as raw materials,and the mixture of LCT∶HCT∶water=1∶1∶1 was heated and recombined to obtain the reconstructed coal tar（RCT),the reconstructed light coal tar（RLCT)and heavy coal tar（RHCT). In addition,the n-hexane extracts（E-CT,E-LCT,E-HCT,E-RCT,E-RLCT and E-RHCT)and insoluble residues（I-CT,I-LCT,I-HCT,I-RCT,I-RLCT and I-RHCT)were obtained by ultrasonic extraction with n-hexane,the composition structure,pyrolysis behavior,and volatile gases characteristics of extracts and residues by n-hexane ultrasonic extraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS)and thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（TG-FTIR)technology. The results show that the RLCT and RHCT are 24.93% and 75.08% respectively by coal tar restructuring test,n-hexane extracts are mainly composed of alkanes,aromatics and phenolic substances. Compared with E-LCT and E-HCT,the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons of E-CT decreases,acidic compounds increases instead. Compared with E-CT,the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in E-RCT significantly reduces and E-RHCT enriches aromatic hydrocarbons and acidic compounds,while the aliphatic hydrocarbons decreases to 35.05%. The composition of residue mainly contains saturates and aromatics. After recombining,the light components of I-RHCT and I-RLCT declines and residues show better thermal stability.