The cement industry is an important basic raw material industry, and also an industry with high energy consumption andhigh carbon emissions. China has abundant biomass resources. As alternative fuel, the application of biomass in the cement industry canhelp reduce the fossil energy consumption and carbon emissions, which is one of the main ways to achieve carbon neutrality for China′s cement industry. Progress and existing problems for biomass to be applied in the cement industry was analyzed, and solutions were gave.Compared with traditional fossil fuels, biomass fuel has such characteristics as high moisture content, low calorific value and large size.When it is used in cement production, these problems such as lower fuel burnout rate, higher flue gas volume, higher heat consumption,higher alkali content and larger fluctuation might be caused. A series of standards on solid recovered fuel (SRF) have been establishedabroad, laying a foundation for the standardized preparation and large-scale use of SRF including biomass in cement industry. Accordingto the dataissued by the Global Cement and Concrete Association, the proportion of biomass fuel in the global cement industry accountedfor 6.7% in 2020, among which agricultural, organic, diaper waste accounted for the largest proportion, i.e., 32%. The biomass fuel inCzech Republic, Germany, and Poland accounted for more than 22%. In contrast, the use of biomass and other alternative fuels in China′scement industry started late. By 2021, the proportion of cement production lines using alternative fuels was less than 3%, and the thermalsubstitution ratio was about 2%. From the perspective of domestic application, biomass as alternative fuel can help reduce fossil fuel consumption, but there are still some problems such as incompatibility with the existing thermal system, low efficiency of thermal utilization,and certain influence on the production and quality of clinker. In order to reduce the negative impact of biomass fuel, it is necessary topretreat it. Therefore, relevant technologies including mechanical pretreatment and high-temperature combustion pretreatment were introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. At the end of the paper, the main problems on the application of biomassfuels in cement industry were analyzed and the corresponding solutions were put forward. The solutions are to strengthen the pilot study andenhance its guidance to the actual production, improve relevant standards and establish an industry chain of alternative fuels including biomass, use the large amount of low-temperature waste gas from cement kiln to dry biomass fuel and reduce the water brought into the system, optimize the relative positions of biomass fuel fed to calciner by CFD simulation, popularize the high temperature combustion pretreatment technology such as circulating fluidized bed per to the type of biomass fuels, develop intelligent control system for alternative fuels and reduce the impact on clinker production quality. The cement industry is an important battleground for China′s carbon emission reduction. Biomass as alternative fuel will certainly show strong vitality and broad application prospects in the cement industry, and makeimportant contributions to the realization of China′s dual-carbon strategic objectives.