Gasification technology is one of the core processes in coal-based hydrogen production systems,and in this research,the co-pyrolysis behavior of coal and biomass was investigated through a vertical tube furnace,and a novel hydrogen production system based oncomplementary gasification technology of coal and biomass was proposed. The synergistic effect of coal and biomass co-pyrolysispromotes pyrolysis gas generation and improves the gasification efficiency. Biomass with lower combustion energy grade supplies heat forthe gasification reaction, which improves the grade matching between gasification and combustion reactions. In addition, the use ofcarbon-neutral biomass fuels for complementary gasification technologies can significantly reduce carbon emissions. In this research,thenovel and reference systems were simulated using Aspen Plus software to evaluate the performance of the novel and reference systems interms of thermodynamics,carbon emission and economic feasibility. The results showed that the synergistic effect of the pyrolysis processwas most significant at a biomass blending ratio of 0.25,and the energy and yield efficiencies of the novel system were higher than that ofthe reference system at 76.82% and 64.56%,respectively. The carbon emission of the novel system is 1.12 t/h,which can significantlyreduce the carbon emission relative to the conventional coal-water slurry hydrogen generation system. The DPP, NPV and cost ofhydrogen production of the novel system during the whole life cycle are 3.41 years,269535.58 k$ and 1.37 $/kg,respectively,which havegood economic benefits and application prospects.