ment capability, and investigating the flow behavior of multiple liquid droplets on the surface of the flow channel can help to optimize thestructure and operating conditions. The dynamic process of liquid water emergence from the gas diffusion layer (GDL) into the flow channel was simulated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method, and the effects of the gas flow rate inside the flow channel, the contact angleon the surface of the GDL, and the pore spacing on the water emergence process and flow behavior were investigated. The results show thatthe droplets undergo the processes of growth, separation, transport and collisional condensation within the GDL surface. The gas flow ratesignificantly affects the pressure drop and droplet separation period, with the increase of gas flow rate, the pressure drop increases, thedroplet separation period decreases from 14.7 to 4.7 ms, and the water removal ability is significantly enhanced, and the high gas flowrate causes the unstable droplet morphology and flow condition.The wettability of the GDL surface modifies the surface tension, which inturn affects the droplet morphology and flow, and significantly influences the water coverage, and the average water coverage of the GDLsurface is significantly affected by the increasing contact angle. The average water coverage on the GDL surface decreases from 20.03% to9.01%; the water orifice spacing has a greater impact on the droplet collision cycle, small water orifice spacing when the dropletsare growing in the process of condensation and large droplet splashing caused by a decrease in airflow velocity in the flow channel, thepressure drop and the water coverage on the GDL surface generates large fluctuations; large water orifice spacing, the velocity field in theflow channel is significantly affected by the previous droplet to obtain a larger velocity after collision is more likely to cause droplet splashing. At large water orifice spacing, the velocity field in the flow channel is significantly affected, and the previous droplet obtains a largervelocity, which is more likely to cause droplet splashing due to collision, resulting in a decrease in water coverage at the maximum waterorifice spacing, from 16.84% (D= 0.8 cm) to 14.69% (D= 1.2 cm). The results provide theoretical guidance and technical reference forthe optimization of flow channel surface contact angle, GDL pore distribution, air inlet conditions, etc., which can improve the watertransport capacity and efficiency of PEMFC.