Methanol is a crucial organic raw material and fuel,particularly in the context of the climate and energy crisis. Developinga methanol economy is crucial to promoting a green,low-carbon transformation of the chemical,energy,and transportation sectors while ensuring a secure energy supply. A comprehensive overview of the CO hydrogenation process routes to methanol was offered,including an analysis and summary of the performance of copper-based,indium-based,solid solution,and noble metal catalysts. The data show that thereaction conditions of all four types of catalysts are concentrated at 200-300 ℃ and 1.5-5.0 MPa. While copper-based catalysts werethe most widely studied and applied,with a median CO conversion and methanol selectivity of 13.6 and 69.2,respectively ,indium-based catalysts and solid solution catalystshavecomparable CO conversion and methanol selectivity but exhibit better stability. The extremevalues of CO conversion and methanol selectivity for noble metal catalysts vary significantly,with limited data related to stability. Solid solution catalysts demonstrate exceptional catalytic performance and stability under industrial conditions,making them a promising catalysttype for large-scale application in the future. Furthermore,this paper provides an overview of existing CO hydrogenation to methanol projects and technical routes both domestically and abroad. The number of carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol projects is increasing,with production capacities ranging from 4 000 t/ a to 200 000 t/ a. Industrial emission source CO capture devices as the carbon source andelectrolytic water as the primary source of hydrogen were primarily relied on. As the goal of carbon neutralization becomes increasingly critical,the CO hydrogenation to methanol technology becomes even more vital. Therefore,it is recommended that the research and development of CO hydrogenation to methanol catalyst technology receive greater support,as well as the industrial application of the project.