Using low-temperature Coal tar pitch as raw material, it was divided into saturates (Sa), aromatics (Ar), resins (Re) and as⁃phaltenes (As) according to four-component analysis. Their compositions and structures were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectrome⁃ter (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), elemental analyzer (EA), gel per⁃meation chromatography (GPC) and UV-fluorescence spectrometer (UV) analyzer. The improved Brown-Ladner method was used to cal⁃culate the structural parameters of each component. The results show that the molecular weight of components follows the order of As(5 008) > Re (1 042) > Sa (771) > Ar (602). The relative content of C