Abstract:
NiFe
2O
4 possesses high redox activity and oxygen carrying capacity, which shows great potential in the application of two-step thermochemical cycle cracking of CO
2 to produce fuel (CO). However, NiFe
2O
4 is prone to phase separation at high temperatures, resulting in severe surface sintering, which reduces its redox activity. To address this problem, CeO
2−doped NiFe
2O
4−based composite catalyst materials were synthesized using the ball milling solid phase method and applied to the two-step thermochemical cycle cracking of CO
2 reaction. The effect of CeO
2 doping amount on CO
2 cracking performance was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of oxidation temperature on the oxidation performance of NiFe
2O
4 and 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 was investigated based on a fixed bed reactor, and their long-term cycle stability was compared. The mechanism of doping CeO
2 on the performance improvement of NiFe
2O
4−based composite catalyst was explored by various characterization methods (XRD, SEM−BSE, H
2−TPR and XPS). The results showed that the 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 composite catalyst exhibited the best redox performance. With the increase of oxidation reaction temperature, the initial reaction rate of NiFe
2O
4 and 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 became faster and the CO yield increased. When the oxidation temperature was between 800 and
1200 ℃, the CO yield of 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 was better than that of NiFe
2O
4. In addition, doping CeO
2 can reduce the reduction temperature of Fe element. Compared with pure NiFe
2O
4, the reduction temperature of Fe
3O
4 to FeO in 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 was reduced by about 6 ℃. Doping CeO
2 can increase the oxygen vacancy concentration of NiFe
2O
4−based catalyst materials. The content of adsorbed oxygen in 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 was as high as 47.22%, which was much larger than the content of adsorbed oxygen in NiFe
2O
4 (27.44%). Doping CeO
2 can also significantly improve the spectral absorptivity of NiFe
2O
4 in the near-infrared band. The average solar spectral absorptivity of 8NiFe
2O
4−2CeO
2 was about 88.60%. This work can provide guidance for the development of catalyst materials for the two-step solar thermochemical cracking of CO
2.