Abstract:
CO
2 gasification is a novel technique that uses CO
2 as a gasifying agent to produce syngas with a high calorific value for the synergistic utilization of CO
2 and biomass waste. However, the emission characteristics of NO
x and SO
2 for biomass waste under CO
2 gasification are rarely investigated. CO
2 gasification experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor for pine shaving in order to provide a temperature reference for thermochemical conversion utilization and pollutant emission control of biomass waste. The results show that the yield of CO is 0.24, 0.52, and 0.95 m
3/kg at 700, 800, and 900 ℃, respectively, significantly higher than the yields of H
2 and CH
4. Thus, CO is the major component of the produced syngas. In addition, the carbon conversion yield is 18.36%、36.15%, and 66.09%, respectively, and the CO
2 gasification efficiency is 13.04%, 41.59%, and 92.99% at 700−900 ℃, respectively. These phenomena indicate that increasing temperatures can contribute to the thermochemical conversion of pine shaving under CO
2 gasification. Moreover, the peak concentrations and the durations required to reach the peaks of NO in produced syngas are 248, 129, and 138 mg/m
3 and 140, 195, and 320 s, respectively; those for NO
2 are 339, 191, and 107 mg/m
3 and 115, 150, and 265 s, respectively, and those for SO
2 are 3 299, 3 065, and 2 882 mg/m
3 and 130, 175, and 180 s, respectively. The peak concentrations of both NO
x and SO
2 gradually decrease and the required durations increase as the temperatures increase, suggesting that the increase in temperature contributes to a reduction in the yields of NO
x and SO
2. However, the conversion yields of NO
x and SO
2 gradually increase as the temperatures increase, reaching 49.73% for NO
x and 68.87% for SO
2 at 900 °C. This shows that a higher temperature can enhance the oxidation effect of oxygen in raw material and gasifying agent (CO
2) on the sulfur and nitrogen in pine shaving, further promoting the conversion yields of NO
x and SO
2. Furthermore, the conversion yield of NO increases while that of NO
2 decreases with increasing temperatures. The reducing atmosphere in the furnace with CO as the major component contributes to the NO
2 being reduced to NO. Therefore, increasing the temperatures of CO
2 gasification for pine shaving can promote the reduction process of NO
2 by increasing the yield of CO.