Abstract: Coal resource-based cities refer to the cities built and developed relying on the exploitation and utilization of coal resources.With the long-term development and utilization of coal resources,the deterioration of the quality of the ecological environment has increasingly become an important factor restricting the development of coal resource-based cities. Therefore,the dynamic evaluation of the ecological environment quality of coal resource-based cities can enable decision-makers to clarify the changes in the ecological environment of coal resource-based cities,find out its restrictive factors,and provide technical support for the improvement of ecological environment quality and urban transformation and development.Taking Huainan City as an example,the dynamic evaluation index system and the comprehensive index model of ecological environment quality of coal resource-based cities were constructed from three aspects of the natural environment,social and economic environment,environmental pollution control by Using Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP). On this basis,combined with the actual situation of Huainan City,the ecological environment quality of Huainan City from 2010 to 2018 was dynamically evaluated. According to the evaluation results,suggestions for further improving the ecological environment quality of Huainan City were put forward.The results show that the ecological environment quality of Huainan City shows a fluctuating upward trend from 2010 to 2018,which declines slightly from 2013 to 2015,and gradually increases after 2015. But overall,the ecological environment quality of Huainan City is improving. In order to further improve the quality of the ecological environment,Huainan needs to be based on the " 14 th Five-Year Plan",completes the top-level design,optimize the industrial structure,build a two-wheel drive modern industrial system,and actively promote the ecological environment construction focusing on the treatment of coal mining subsidence areas,pay equal attention to natural environmental protection and environmental pollution control,so as to guarantee the quality of the ecological environment continues to improve.