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    混合煤低温氧化特性交互影响规律研究及其在煤堆阻燃中的应用

    Interaction characteristics of low temperature oxidation of blended coal and its application in suppressing spontaneous combustion

    • 摘要: 燃煤在存放过程中的低温氧化不仅造成热值损耗,还释放出SO2、H2S等有毒有害气体,造成严重的环境污染。现有治理技术包括分层压实、喷洒阻燃剂等方法,分层压实是通过减少煤堆孔隙率、减少氧气供应以达到抑制低温氧化的目的,实施过程需要耗费大量人力、物力;喷洒阻燃剂是通过黏结、覆盖、消除活性自由基等化学技术达到抑制低温氧化,阻燃剂具有一定毒性或含有重金属元素,会造成环境二次污染。因此,亟待研发环保、简便的治理方法。通过热重分析技术研究了不同煤混合后在低温氧化过程的热力学变化规律,发现不同煤质的煤混合存在交互影响关系:2种易氧化煤按一定比例混合促进了混煤的低温氧化,而易氧化煤与不易氧化煤按一定比例混合,对混合煤的低温氧化产生抑制作用,因此,可以利用易氧化煤与不易氧化煤混合的交互影响特性,通过混煤来抑制低温氧化,减少低温氧化造成热损失,进一步防止自燃的发生。同时,还研究了不同混合比例的交互影响规律,研究发现易氧化煤与不易氧化煤按各占50%比例混合,抑制效果最强,按最佳的混合比进行混配堆放,效果最好。此外,还通过现场试验验证了研究成果的可行性。混煤在卸煤堆放过程中便可以实施,简单易行,与分层压实相比无需通过机械碾压,节省了大量的人力、物力;与喷洒阻燃剂等化学方法相比,未使用有害化学药剂,不会造成环境二次污染,是一种绿色环保的低温氧化治理方法。无论煤炭在存放中的低温氧化还是燃烧都是煤炭不同程度的氧化过程,2种不同质量的煤混合交互影响关系一致,因此,研究成果不仅可用来抑制煤堆的低温氧化,还可应用于混煤掺烧,通过不同质量的煤混合掺烧,达到节能减排的效果。

       

      Abstract: The low-temperature oxidation of coal during storage not only causes heat loss, but also serious environmental pollution. Existing treatment technologies include physical methods such as layered compaction and chemical methods such as spraying flame retardants. Layered compaction requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and spraying flame retardants can cause secondary environmental pollution. Thermodynamic changes of mixed coal during the low-temperature oxidation process were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis technology. It is found that there is an interactive relationship between coal mixtures of different coal qualities, especially when easy to oxidize coal and non easy to oxidize coal are mixed in a certain proportion, which has an inhibitory effect on the low-temperature oxidation of easy to oxidize coal and reduces heat loss. At the same time, the interactive effect of different mixing ratios is also studied. It is found that when the two types of coal are mixed in a proportion of 50% each, the inhibitory effect is the strongest. In addition, the thermodynamic research results are verified through on-site experiments. The use of mixed coal method to suppress low-temperature oxidation does not require a lot of manpower and material resources compared to layered compaction, and does not cause secondary environmental pollution compared to chemical methods such as spraying flame retardants. It is a green and environmentally friendly low-temperature oxidation treatment method that can be implemented during coal unloading and stacking, which is simple and easy to implement.

       

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