Abstract: High energy consumption is one of the important factors limiting the large-scale commercial application of chemical absorption carbon capture technology, and the optimization of process parameters is an effective way to reduce the regeneration energy consumption. A coupled CO₂ absorption heat and mass transfer model is constructed in the absorption tower, and the process parameters are optimized by simulating the absorption process in the tower. Aspen Plus simulation and field data results verify that the model has good prediction ability for the complex heat and mass transfer coupling process in the tower. The optimization results of the process parameters of the carbon capture device using MEA absorber show that: the regeneration energy consumption decreases with the initial lean liquid load and then increases slightly, and too low a lean liquid load will lead to higher regeneration energy consumption; taking the capture rate and regeneration energy consumption into account, the capture rate of the absorption tower is 90.04% and the regeneration energy consumption is 3.21 GJ/t when the lean liquid load is 0.207 mol/mol（excluding energy-saving process）. The study provides a new method for the study of the complex heat and mass transfer coupling process in the absorption tower of the chemical absorption carbon capture system, which is of great significance for engineering practice.