Abstract: The massive accumulation of coal-based solid waste is a common concern in coal mines around the world, and the disposal of coal-based solid waste has become an important factor affecting resource development and environmental protection. The application of coal-based solid waste to soil remediation is one of the important directions for the combination of coal-based solid waste disposal and ecological civilization construction. In order to achieve the dual goals of resource utilization and soil remediation of multi-source coal-based solid wastes, this paper introduces the types, physicochemical properties and utilization modes of multi-source coal-based solid wastes, such as fly ash, coal gangue and coal gasification slag, focuses on the current research status of multi-source coal-based solid wastes as soil conditioners applied to soil water retention and fertilizer retention, and summarizes the progress of research on the effects and mechanisms of heavy metal remediation using multi-source coal-based solid wastes as heavy metal passivators, and points out the technical challenges facing the application of multi-source coal-based solid wastes to soil remediation. It also points out the technical challenges of applying multi-source coal-based solid waste to soil remediation, and discusses the key research directions of applying multi-source coal-based solid waste to soil remediation, with a view to providing scientific support for the theoretical and technical research on the development and utilization of multi-source coal-based solid waste as a potential resource with high value.