Abstract: As the global carbon emission problem becomes more and more serious, CO2 mineralization technology becomes one of the effective means to deal with climate change. Firstly, the background of carbon emission and climate change is presented, pointing out the importance of CO2 mineralization technology in the carbon emission problem of industrial system. Subsequently, the basic principles of CO2 mineralization technology are introduced, in which alkaline solid waste is considered a suitable raw material for CO2 mineralization due to its reactivity and inherent alkalinity. Then, the treatment methods of different mineralized raw materials, including phosphogypsum, calcium carbide slag, steel slag, etc., were introduced in detail for the mineralization technology route. Some engineering demonstration projects, such as CO2 mineralization of cured concrete bricks, phosphogypsum mineralization, calcium carbide slag mineralization, steel slag mineralization and mineralization of underground filling materials, are also introduced to illustrate the feasibility and economic benefits of these projects. Finally, the adaptability analysis of the choice of technology route is presented, emphasizing the four important factors of technologial maturity, application scenarios matching, economics of mineralized products, and energy consumption and environmental friendliness of the process, and looking forward to the prospects and challenges of the popularization and application of the technology. A detailed overview of the progress of engineering applications of alkaline solid waste CO2 mineralization technology is given to provide readers with a clear understanding and reference for the large-scale application and promotion. Through this paper, readers can learn about the latest progress in the engineering application of alkaline solid waste CO2 mineralization technology and the importance of different technology routes for the reduction of carbon emissions and resource utilization in industrial systems.