Abstract: To develop and utilize C4 hydrocarbon rationally,the source and components of C4 hydrocarbon and conversion of C4 hydrocarbon to ethylene and propylene,aromatization,polymer process,alkylation oil,2- propyllheptanol technologies were analyzed. A future prospect was given on the comprehensive utilization of C4 hydrocarbon. The results showed that,more C4 hydrocarbon should be used to produce high value- added products such as poly- butene,poly- isobutene,alkylation oil and 2- propyllheptanol. Improved standard for oil pushed up the demand of alkylation oil. The C4 hydrocarbon might be in the situation of short supply. So the comprehensive utilization of C4 hydrocarbon,development of high polymer,additive and high value- added products,early survey and so on should be the the focuses. The collective utilization of C4 resource for refinery,cracking and MTO process should be developed in the future. The key technology is to develop high- value polymer,oil additives and high- value chemicals. The upstream feedstock distribution and downstream product market requirement,the economics and environmental capacity and technical reserve should be grasped,and the collective processing scheme of typical C4 manufacturing should be investigated.