Abstract: In order to study the reactivity of Aiding lignite in direct liquefaction,the direct liquefaction of Aiding lignite was studied in the horizontal oscillating autoclave.The effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and H2 initial pressure on the direct liquefaction reactivity of Aiding lignite were investigated.The results show that the suitable reaction conditions of Aiding lignite liquefaction are as follows: reaction temperature is 430 ℃,reaction time is 60 min,initial hydrogen pressure is 8.5 MPa,catalyst addition is 1%( Fe/daf coal),solvent to coal ratio( weight ratio) is 55 ∶ 45; The increase of reaction temperature,initial hydrogen pressure and reaction time can promote the increase of oil yield and conversion,and the effect of initial hydrogen pressure on conversion is relatively small.The yield of asphaltene first increases and then decreases with the increase of reaction temperature and hydrogen initial pressure,and decreases with the increase of reaction time.With the increase of reaction temperature,hydrogen initial pressure and residence time,the yield of preasphaltene decreases.Asphaltene and preasphaltene have the characteristics of intermediate products,and the increase of reaction temperature,hydrogen initial pressure and reaction time is favorable for the conversion to oil and gas.The C_(daf),H_(daf)and the ratio of H/C atoms in residual coal decrease with the increase of reaction temperature.The higher the hydrogen content in coal is,the easier it is to liquefy.With the increase of reaction temperature,the inert structure with lower hydrogen content is difficult to liquefy and becomes the main component of residual coal. The C_(daf),H_(daf)and the ratio of N/C atoms in residual coal decrease with the increase of reaction temperature,When the reaction temperature reaches 430 ℃,the ratio of N/C atoms in residual coal changes significantly,the hydrogenation performance of nitrogenous structure in coal is remarkable,and the denitrogenation ability is improved obviously.